By Elizabeth LaScala, PhD
Choosing a college major can feel overwhelming, and many students share this experience. Nationally, an estimated 12% to 14% of first-year college students enter higher education without having declared a major. One contributing factor is concern about an evolving job market shaped by rapid technological advancements and shifting career landscapes. Beginning college as an undeclared student can offer the opportunity to explore personal interests, identify academic strengths, and become informed about emerging industry trends.
Undeclared students typically begin their academic journey by completing General Education requirements (sometimes referred to as the Common Curriculum). These foundational courses fulfill degree requirements regardless of the major eventually chosen and help ensure that students can remain on track to graduate in four years. Courses in the liberal arts, sciences, and humanities also provide students with a broad perspective and encourage them to consider the world through multiple lenses.
It is important to note, however, that certain degree programs may not permit students to transfer in from an undeclared status once enrollment begins. Many institutions allocate a limited number of seats for competitive majors such as engineering, computer science, business, nursing, and the arts. As a result, students interested in these fields are generally encouraged to apply directly to the program rather than beginning as undecided.
Career exploration can also play a valuable role in identifying an appropriate academic path. Many colleges offer programs that combine academic advising, career planning, and professional development. High Point University, for example, refers to itself as a “life skills university” and emphasizes career readiness from the outset. Students are paired with a dedicated Success Coach, complete a required Life Skills course, and those who engage in career planning are guaranteed an internship before graduation.
Similarly, Indiana University’s Exploratory Program supports students who have not yet declared a major and wish to use their first year to consider their options. Approximately five percent of incoming students begin as Exploratory, and the university’s research shows that those who take the time to explore before selecting a major are more likely to graduate within four years.
At the University of Toledo, undecided students participate in the QUEST program, which allows them to complete required core courses while investigating potential majors and career paths. During their first semester, students enroll in a course focused on career and self-evaluation, helping them navigate the uncertainty of being undeclared and envision possible future directions. Regular advising check-ins offer additional support to ensure students remain on track academically and professionally.
Ultimately, there are many advantages to postponing the decision to declare a major. It allows students to explore a range of disciplines, develop interests organically, and gain meaningful real-world experience—all while progressing toward timely graduation.
